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Master Theses dari
JBPTITBBI / 2004-12-07 14:19:03
DISTRIBUSI DAN KEPADATAN POPULASI CACING TANAH DI BERBAGAI BIOTOP DAN KETINGGIAN DI DAERAH BANDUNG UTARA
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The distribution and population density of earthworms at different biotopes and altitudes in northern region of Bandung.
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Oleh: J0K0 WALUY0
Departemen Biologi ITB
Dibuat: 1993-03-13 , dengan 1 file(s). |
Keywords: biotop, cacing tanah, distribusi, populasi
Penelitian distribusi dan kepadatan populasi cacing tanah di biotop lahan rumput, semak, hutan pines dan hutan alami pada ketinggian 700m - 1700m d. p. 1. di daerah Bandung Utara, telah dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 1991 - Pebruari 1992. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di lima stasiun masing-masing lima ulangan dengan selang waktu satu bulan, dengan menggunakan metode kuadrat (luas 625 cm2 dan kedalaman 20 cm). Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan delapan spesies yaitu Pontoscolex corethrurus, Dravida ramnadana, Pheretima javanica, Pheretima capensis, Pheretima quadragenaria, Pheretima musica, Pheretima sp 1 dan Pheretima sp 2. Kepadatan cacing tanah tertinggi terdapat di stasiun III biotop lahan rumput di daerah Lembang sebesar 243 ind./m2 yang terdiri dari lima spesies dan yang terendah di stasiun V biotop hutan alami di lereng selatan G. Tangkuban Perahu sebesar 55 ind./m2 yang terdiri dari satu spesies. Kepadatan cacing tanah secara umum lebih rendah di musim kemarau dibanding dengan musim penghujan, yaitu 55 ind. /m2 (terdiri dari lima spesies) dicuplik pada bulan Agustus 1991 (musim kemarau) dan 134 ind./m2 (tujuh spesies) pada bulan Pebruari 1992 (musim penghujan). Kepadatan cacing tanah dipengaruhi oleh kadar bahan organik dan kadar air dalam tanah secara nyata. Secara umum ketinggian tempat tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepadatan cacing tanah, tetapi berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap kepadatan populasi Pheretima javanica. Telah diteliti juga siklus hidup PontoscoLex corethrvrus yang merupakan spesies yang predominan, di laboratorium pada suhu kamar C22,5 °C - 29,5 °C) .
Translation: The distribution and density of earthworms population at the grass, shrubs, pine forest and natural forest biotopes at 700m - 1700m altitude in northern region of Bandung have been investigated from August 1991 until February 1992. Samples were taken from five stations five replicates for each stations with one month interval, using quadrat method C625 cm2 and 20 cm depth). Eight species of earthworms has been found, namely : Pontoscolex corethrurus, Drawida ramnadana, Pheretima javanica, Pheretima capensis, Pheretima quadragenaria, Pheretima musica, Pheretima sp 1 and Pheretima sp 2. The highest density, 243 ind. /m2 (five species), was found at station III on grass biotop at the Lembang district, while the lowest density, 55 ind. /m2 Cone species), was found at station V on natural forest at the southern slope of the Tangkuban Perahu Mountain. The density of earthworms was lower during the dry season than in the rainy season. 55 ind. /m2 Cfive species) were found on August 1991 (dry season) and 134 ind. /m2 Cseven species) were found on February 1992 (rainy season). The density of earthworms was influenced by the organic substances and water content of the soil. The altitudes did not influence the density of earthworms, but ithad significant influence on the density of Pheretima javanica population. An experiment about the life cycle of Pontoscolex corethrurus has been done that was found to be predominant, in the laboratory at 22,5 °C - 2g, s °C.
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